Fundamental Rights(Part III of Indian Constitution) - (Articles 12-35)

What are the Fundamental Rights?

• Fundamental rights are the basic human rights which are guaranteed to all citizens of India.
• They are applied without discrimination on the basis of race, caste, religion, gender, place of birth etc.
• Fundamental rights are enforceable by the courts.

List of Fundamental Rights

There are six fundamental rights of Indian Constitution

1. Right to Equality(Article 14-18)
2. Right to Freedom(Article 19-22)
3. Right against Exploitation(Article 23-24)
4. Right to Freedom of Religion(Article 25-28)
5. Cultural and Educational Rights(Article 29-30)
6. Right to Constitutional Remedies(Article 32)

1. Right of Equality(Article 14-18) :

• Article 14 : Equality before law.
• Article 15 : Prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, gender, place of birth or any of them.
• Article 16 : Equality of opportunity in matters of public employment.
• Article 17 : Abolition of untouchability.
• Article 18 : Abolition of title.

2. Right to Freedom(Article 19-22) :

• Article 19 : Freedom of Speech
• Article 20 : Protection in respect of conviction for offences.
• Article 21 : Protection of life and personal liberty.
• Article 22 : Protection against Arbitrary Arrest and Detention.

3. Right against Exploitation(Article 23-24)

• Article 23 : Prohibition of traffic in human beings and force labour.
• Article 24 : Prohibition of employment of childern under 14 year of age in any factory, mine and hazardous.

4. Right to Freedom of Religion(Article 25-28)

• Article 25 : Freedom of conscience and free profession, practice and propagation of religion.
• Article 26 : Freedom to manage religious affairs.
• Article 27 : Freedom as to payment of taxes for promotion of any particular religion.
• Article 28 : Freedom as to attendance at religious instruction or religious worship in certain educational institutions.

5. Cultural and Educational Rights(Article 29-30)

• Article 29 : Protection of interests of minorities.
• Article 30 : Right of minorities to establish and administer educational institutions.

6. Right to Constitutional Remedies(Article 32)

• Article 32 : Remedies for enforcement of rights conferred by this part.

Article 31A : Saving of laws providing for acquisition of estates, etc.
Article 31B : Validation of certain Act and Regulations.
Article 31C : Saving of laws giving effect to certain directive principles.

Article 33 : Power of parliament to modify the rights conferred by this part in their application to Forces, etc.
Article 34 : Restriction on rights conferred by this Part while material law is in force in any area.
**Article 35 : ** Legislation to give effect to the provisions of certain Fundamental Rights.